Table 2 IVF treatment characteristics of 722 IVF patients divided based on the level of cannabis use—mean, median, standard deviation, missing data, P value, and test used to compare the difference between cannabis users and non-users including a subgroup analysis of the user group according to the identity of the user (female partner, male partner, or both). Abbreviations: MII meiosis two oocyte-mature oocytes, 2PN 2 pronuclei oocyte/zygote/normally fertilized oocyte, ICSI intracytoplasmic sperm injection (a method for oocyte fertilization with a single sperm injected into its cytoplasm), IVF in vitro fertilization with insemination of oocytes with exposure to motile sperm as opposed to ICSI, Blsts blastocysts (the pre-implantation stage of embryo development), HQ high-quality. The left columns describe the comparison of users and non-users, and the columns on the right describe the comparison of users based on the gender of the user

Number of mature follicles

No

10.5/9.0 (6.3)

10.5/11 (6.0)

0.538

Mann-Whitney

13/12 (7.7)

9.95/10 (5.2)

9.31/8 (5.1)

0.513

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

29 (4.44%)

0

0

0

0

Number of oocytes

No

12.65/11 (8.9)

12.79/12.5 (6.6)

0.998

Mann-Whitney

13.1/13 (6.7)

13.5/12.5 (7.0)

10.23/10 (4.3)

0.350

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

8 (1.23%)

0

0

0

0

Number of MII oocytes

No

9.6/8.0 (6.7)

9.3/8.5 (5.0)

0.909

Mann-Whitney

9.5/9 (5.2)

9.8/9 (5.2)

7.7/8 (3.5)

0.756

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

15 (2.3%)

0

0

0

0

Oocyte yield (%)

No

130/114 (84) (84(83%)

139/120 (95)

0.423

Mann-Whitney

111/100 (38)

154/128 (116)

123/114 (56)

0.433

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

32 (4.9%)

0

0

0

0

Mature oocyte yield (%)

No

98/98 (64)

100/100 (51)

0.723

Mann-Whitney

86/75 (43)

107/96 (54)

95/93 (47)

0.597

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

43 (6.58%)

0

0

0

0

Peak estradiol

No

11,882/9863 (8287)

11,309/10,016 (6445)

0.950

Mann-Whitney

11,886/10,115 (7061)

11,173/9926 (6266)

11,065/10,057 (6199)

0.988

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

6 (0.92%)

0

0

0

0

Sperm volume (ml)

No

2.76/2.55 (1.9)

2.65/2.5 (1.6)

0.563

Mann-Whitney

1.77/1.6 (1.16)

2.69/2.5 (1.6)

3.53/4.2 (1.3)

0.013

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

22 (3.37%)

0

0

0

0

Progressive motility (%)

No

18/15 (14)

20.7/17 (14)

0.1.51

Mann-Whitney

18/11 (14)

21/15 (13.5)

23/20 (15)

0.326

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

86 (13.2%)

5 (7.5%)

2 (13%)

3 (7.5%)

0

Sperm quality

No

6 (2.2)

6 (1.9)

0.500

Mann-Whitney

5 (1.4)

6 (1.4)

6 (2.2)

0.022

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

20 (3.6%)

0

0

0

0

Number of 2PN

No

7.5/6.0 (5.5)

7.1/7.0 (4.0)

0.785

Mann-Whitney

7.9/8 (3.5)

7.1/7 (4.3)

6.3/7 (3.3)

0.785

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

14 (2.18%)

0

0

0

0

ICSI fertilization rate (%)

No

81/83 (19.4)

79/85 (22.7)

0.977

Mann-Whitney

86/87.5 (14.5)

78/85 (24)

77/84.6 (25)

0.860

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

66 (3.06%)

2 (2.94%)

0

1 (2.5%)

1 (7.7%)

IVF fertilization rate (%)

No

71/75 (25.4)

62/75 (33)

0.407

Mann-Whitney

89/87 (8)

53/53 (37)

63/75 (16)

0.238

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

548 (83.9%)

54 (79.4%)

12 (80%)

30 (75%)

10 (77%)

Number of blasts on day 5/6

No

4.1/3.0 (3.9)

3.8/3.0 (2.6)

0.7133

Mann-Whitney

3.7/3.0 (2.24)

4.1/3.5 (2.8)

2.9/3 (1.6)

0.801

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

131 (20.6%)

7 (10.3%)

1 (6.6%)

5 (12.5%)

1 (7.7%)

Number of top-quality blasts

No

2.0/1.0 (2.6)

1.6/1.0 (1.6)

0.854

Mann-Whitney

1.6/1.5 (1.2)

1.67/1 (1.79)

1.6/1 (1.49)

0.973

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

122 (18.6%)

6 (8.8%)

1 (6.6%)

4 (10%)

1 (7.7%)

Blastocyst formation rate (%)

No

49/50 (33)

55/55 (29.6)

0.289

Mann-Whitney

51/50 (26)

58/59 (32)

51/40 (24)

0.563

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

23 (3.5%)

2 (2.9%)

0

1 (2.5%)

1 (7.7%)

HQ blastocyst formation rate (%)

No

24/17 (25)

24/17 (24.7)

0.897

Mann-Whitney

27/23.6 (24.6)

20/14.8 (21.2)

29/16.7 (32)

0.791

Kruskal-Wallis

MD

124 (18.9%)

6 (8.8%)

1 (6.6%)

4 (10%)

1 (7.7%)