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Table 1 Water demand comparison between Cannabis and commodity crops

From: A narrative review on environmental impacts of cannabis cultivation

Plants

Total growing period (days)

Water demand per season

(million gallons acre−1)

Daily water demand

(gallon ft−2 day−1)

Ref

Cannabis: outdoor

150

1.57 a

0.24

(HGA, 2010)

Cannabis: outdoor

August

n.a

0.22

(Wilson et al., 2019)

Cannabis: outdoor

September

n.a

0.17

(Wilson et al., 2019)

Cannabis: indoor

August

n.a

0.18

(Wilson et al., 2019)

Cannabis: indoor

September

n.a

0.22

(Wilson et al., 2019)

Cotton

180–195

0.75–1.39b

0.09–0.15

(Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986)

Cotton

/

/

0.14–0.17

(Hussain et al., 2020)

Maize

130–150

0.53–0.86b

0.07–0.13

(Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986)

Corn

/

/

0.22 (peak)

(Rogers et al. 2017)

Soybean

135–150

0.48–0.75b

0.07–0.13

(Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986)

Soybean

/

/

0.22 (peak)

(Rogers et al. 2017)

Wheat

120–150

0.48–0.69b

0.07–0.19

(Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986)

Wheat

/

/

0.19 (peak)

(Rogers et al. 2017)

Rice

90–150

0.48–0.75b

0.09–0.18

(Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986)

Rice

/

/

0.11–0.15

(Intaboot, 2017)

  1. Notea: The water demand of cannabis is calculated based on 22.7 l (6 gallons) of water per day during the growing season and 200 plants per 5,000 sq. ft (HGA, 2010)
  2. Noteb: The water demand of crops is based on crop water need from Table 14 in Brouwer Heibloem (Brouwer and Heibloem, 1986). We convert the unit from mm to million gallon acre−1 according to the rule of unit conversion where 1 acre inch is equivalent to 27,154.29 gallon