Table 1 Participant characteristics for 265 Internet survey respondents (grouped according to motivation for cannabis use)a
From: Cannabis as entheogen: survey and interview data on the spiritual use of cannabis
Spiritually motivated users (N = 67) | Non-spiritually motivated users (N = 198) | Diff. | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 12% 18–19 years | 7% 18–19 years | p = .06 |
36% 20–29 years | 29% 20–29 years | ||
28% 30–39 years | 33% 30–39 years | ||
16% 40–49 years | 15% 40–49 years | ||
3% 50–59 years | 11% 50–59 years | ||
5% 60+ years | 5% 60+ years | ||
(Median = 30, M = 32.6, SD = 11.5) | (Median = 34, M = 35.6, SD = 12.1) | ||
Gender | 12% female, 85% male, 3% other | 20% female, 78% male, 2% other | p = .16c |
Relationship status | 52% single | 40% single | p = .08 |
25% partner | 32% partner | p = .32 | |
22% married | 28% married | p = .39 | |
0% widow (er) | 1% widow (er) | p = .56 | |
Number of children | 75% none | 66% none | p = .15 |
10% one child | 12% one child | ||
13% two children | 14% two children | ||
2% three or more children | 8% three or more children | ||
(M = .42, SD = .78) | (M = .63, SD = .99) | ||
Education | 8% PhD | 5% PhD | p = .96 |
15% Master’s degree | 15% Master’s degree | ||
21% Bachelor’s degree | 22% Bachelor’s degree | ||
33% some university | 38% some university | ||
19% high school | 16% high school | ||
5% not completed high school | 5% not completed high school | ||
(M = 5.16 years, SD = 2.56 years) | (M = 5.03 years, SD = 2.32 years) | ||
Religious backgroundb | 15% Buddhist | 9% Buddhist | p = .18 |
21% Christian | 24% Christian | p = .63 | |
8% Hindu | 2% Hindu | p = .03 | |
6% Jewish | 2% Jewish | p = .05 | |
3% Muslim | 2% Muslim | p = .45 | |
22% New Age/Alternative | 14% New Age/Alternative | p = .09 | |
34% Secular/Humanist | 36% Secular/Humanist | p = .82 | |
48% other | 41% other | p = .33 | |
Religious affiliation at presentb | 51% Buddhist | 23% Buddhist | p < .01 |
28% Christian | 14% Christian | p = .01 | |
30% Hindu | 7% Hindu | p < .01 | |
9% Jewish | 3% Jewish | p = .04 | |
8% Muslim | 2% Muslim | p = .01 | |
45% New Age/Alternative | 22% New Age/Alternative | p < .01 | |
34% Secular/Humanist | 37% Secular/Humanist | p = .68 | |
42% other | 47% other | p = .46 | |
Occupationb | 51% full time job | 59% full time job | p = .26 |
16% part time job | 17% part time job | p = .89 | |
27% student | 17% student | p = .07 | |
3% pensioner | 4% pensioner | p = .83 | |
5% unemployed | 5% unemployed | p = .85 | |
13% other | 16% other | p = .66 | |
Geographical location at present | 60% North America | 55% North America | p = .46 |
24% Western Europe | 30% Western Europe | p = .35 | |
6% Eastern Europe | 4% Eastern Europe | p = .39 | |
5% Oceania | 8% Oceania | p = .32 | |
3% Middle East | 1% Middle East | p = .10 | |
2% South America | 2% South America | p = .78 | |
2% Africa | 1% Africa | p = .42 | |
0% Asia | 1% Asia | p = .41 | |
Personality traits | 3.96 Extraversion | 3.82 Extraversion | p = .54 |
4.69 Conscientiousness | 4.98 Conscientiousness | p = .19 | |
6.07 Openness | 5.80 Openness | p = .08 | |
4.96 Agreeableness | 4.73 Agreeableness | p = .20 | |
4.87 Emotional stability | 4.79 Emotional stability | p = .71 | |
37.33 Risk taking | 34.19 Risk taking | p < .01 | |
Years of cannabis experience | 3.0% Less than a year | 8.6% Less than a year | p = .06 |
11.9% 1–3 years | 18.2% 1–3 years | ||
11.9% 3–5 years | 11.1% 3–5 years | ||
22.4% 5–10 years | 21.2% 5–10 years | ||
50.7% 10+ years | 40.9% 10+ years | ||
(Median = 10+ years) | (Median = 7 years) | ||
Cannabis use last 12 months | Median = 91 use occasions | Median = 67 use occasions | p = .31 |
Psychedelics use last 12 monthsd | Median = 3 use occasions | Median = 3 use occasions | p = .43 |
Alcohol use | 14.9% Daily | 3.5% Daily | p = .18 |
17.9% A few times per week | 18.7% A few times per week | ||
25.4% A few times per month | 29.8% A few times per month | ||
23.9% A few times per year | 31.8% A few times per year | ||
17.9% Never | 16.2% Never | ||
Amphetamine use | 1.5% Daily | 5.6% Daily | p = .65 |
1.5% A few times per week | 2.5% A few times per week | ||
7.5% A few times per month | 5.1% A few times per month | ||
16.4% A few times per year | 15.7% A few times per year | ||
73.1% Never | 71.2% Never | ||
Cigarette/tobacco use | 32.8% Daily | 31.8% Daily | p = .57 |
6.0% A few times per week | 5.1% A few times per week | ||
9.0% A few times per month | 6.1% A few times per month | ||
10.4% A few times per year | 10.1% A few times per year | ||
41.8% Never | 47.0% Never | ||
Cocaine use | 0% Daily | 0% Daily | p = .70 |
1.5% A few times per week | 0.5% A few times per week | ||
4.5% A few times per month | 1.5% A few times per month | ||
14.9% A few times per year | 22.2% A few times per year | ||
79.1% Never | 75.8% Never | ||
Opiate use | 3.0% Daily | 4.5% Daily | p = .20 |
1.5% A few times per week | 1.5% A few times per week | ||
1.5% A few times per month | 2.0% A few times per month | ||
22.4% A few times per year | 11.6% A few times per year | ||
71.6% Never | 80.3% Never |